Columbia Valley

Columbia Valley runs through central, south-central and southeastern Washington, reaching into north-central Oregon. In the Cascade rain shadow, it has a dry to semi-dry continental climate and receives around 6 to 8 inches of rain each year. Most vinifera vineyards need irrigation. Loess lies over gravel and slackwater sediment above basalt, while elevation and nutrient-poor soils can make vines struggle and intensify grape flavors. More than 99% of Washington's vinifera acreage is here. Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Riesling and Syrah are the leading varieties. Reds commonly show cherry, currant, cassis and dried herbs; whites may suggest citrus, apple, peach and nectarine. Syrah changes markedly between warm and cool sites, ranging from blackberry jam and cocoa to roasted meat, olive and iodine.